PUTA TELE: ITUAIGA, MAFUAʻAGA, FAʻAILOGA, FAʻAFITAULI MA TOGAFITIGA

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Tatau Matamata

Aua le misia

Fale Soifua Maloloina Faamaloloina faaletonu Faʻaletonu Fofo oi-Amritha K E Amritha K. ia Novema 21, 2019| Iloilo e Alex Maliekal

O le lapoʻa o le sili atu o le tino gaʻo. I Initia, ua avea le lapopoʻa ma faʻamaʻi i le 5 pasene o le atunuʻu ua aʻafia ai. O le mataupu e le naʻo se teuga popole ae o se tasi e mafai ona faʻateleina ai lou ono aʻafia i isi faʻamaʻi ma le tele o faʻafitauli tau soifua maloloina.

O le lapoʻa o loʻo faʻamatalaina o le iai o le tino vaega tele (BMI) o le 30 pe sili atu. O le BMI e faʻatusatusaina i le amanaʻia o le maualuga ma le mamafa o se tagata. Nisi mea taua e pei o tausaga, itupa, ituaiga, ma maso maso o se tagata e mafai ona aʻafia le soʻotaga i le va o le tino gaʻo ma le BMI. Peitaʻi, o le BMI o le faʻailoga masani mo le tele o le mamafa ^[1] ^[lua] .

Ina ia fuafua lau BMI, e tatau ona vaevae lou mamafa i kilokalama i lou maualuga i mita sikuea (BMI = kg / m2).

Siaki lau BMI ii.

Ituaiga O gaʻo

E tele faʻavasegaga o le lapoʻa. O le tulaga e eseʻese faʻalagolago i le vaega o gaʻo teuina, faʻatasi ma isi faʻamaʻi ma le tele ma le aofaʻi o gaʻo sela ^[3] .

Faʻamoemoeina i le fesoʻotaʻiga ma isi faʻamaʻi, o le lapoʻa ua faʻavasegaina i le lua ma o latou nei:

Ituaiga-1 lapoʻa: O lenei ituaiga o lapoʻa e mafua mai i le soona taumafa o kalori ma le leai o se faʻamalositino.
Ituaiga-2 lapoʻa: E mafua mai i faʻamaʻi e pei o hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian faʻamaʻi, ma le inisetioma ma isi ituaiga-2 ova lapoʻa e seasea maua ma agavaʻa i le na o le 1 pasene o le aofaʻi o gaʻo mataupu. O se tagata e iai le ituaiga-2 lapoʻa o le a mauaina se aofaʻi le masani ai o le mamafa e tusa lava pe laititi le faʻaaogaina o meaʻai.

Faʻamoemoeina i le vaega o gaʻo teuina, gaʻoa ua faʻavasegaina i le tolu ma latou e mulimuli mai ^[4] :

Puta lapoʻa Peripheral: O lenei ituaiga o lapoʻa pe a o le faʻaputuina o sili atu gaʻo o loʻo tu i suilapalapa, papa ma ogavae.
Puta lapoʻa: Lenei ituaiga o gaʻo o le taimi o le faʻaputuputuga o sili gaʻo ua tuʻufaʻatasia i le manava vaega.
Tuʻufaʻatasia o mea uma e lua

Faʻamoemoeina i le tele ma le aofai o gaʻo sela, gaʻoa mafai ona vaevaeina i lua ituaiga ma latou ^[4] :

Matutua-ituaiga lapoʻa: I lenei ituaiga o lapoʻa, naʻo le tele o gaʻo sela e faʻateleina ma atiaʻe i le va o le matua tausaga.
Tamaititi-ituaiga gaʻoa: I lenei, o le aofaʻi o gaʻo sela faʻateleina ma e matua faigata lava ona o le aofaʻi o sela e toetoe lava a le mafai ona faʻaititia.

Mafuaaga o le puta tele

O le mauaina o le gaʻo e masani ona mafua mai i amioga, kenera, metabolic ma aafiaga o le hormonal i le mamafa o le tino, faʻatasi ai ma le avea o le kalori ma mafuaʻaga autu. O lona uiga, 'ai tele kalori nai lo oe mumu i aso uma gaioiga ma faʻamalositino e tau atu i le lapoʻa ^[5] .

O mafuaʻaga masani a ole lapoʻa e faʻapea:

Le lelei taumafa o meaʻai maualuga i gaʻo ma kalori
Matua ona o le tupu matua e mafai ona taitai atu ai i le laʻititi maso maso ma se telegese metabolic fua
Le lava o le moe, lea e mafai ona taitai atu ai i hormonal suiga e mafua ai ona e lagona le fia 'ai ma manaʻomia tele-kalori meaʻai
Olaga nofomau
Kenese
Maitaga

E ese mai i nei, o faʻafitauli tau fomaʻi e mafai foi ona mafua ai le lapoʻa, pei o mea nei ^[6] :

Hypothyroidism (lalo o le toʻaga malosi thyroid)
Cushing syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Prader-Willi syndrome
Osteoarthritis

Faʻailoga O Le puta tele

O le faʻailoga lapataʻi muamua o le lapoʻa o le mauaina o le paʻu o le tino i luga atu o averesi. E ese mai lena, o faʻailoga o le lapoʻa o loʻo taʻua i lalo ^[7] :

Ole moe ole moe
Maa maa
Osteoarthritis
Faʻalavelave moe
Manava le mānava
Vailaʻau vevela
Paʻu faʻafitauli mafua mai i le susu

Tulaga Lamatiaga O le puta tele

Eseese mea taua e pei o le palu faʻatasi o kenera, siʻosiʻomaga, ma mafaufauga moni vaega taua tele i le faʻateleina o le tagata le ono aʻafia i le atiaʻe gaʻoa ^[8] .

O kenera poʻo tofi o le aiga (o lona uiga o genes e te tofi ai mai ou matua e ono aʻafia ai le aofaʻi o gaʻo o le tino o loʻo teu ma tufatufaina i lou tino).
Filifiliga o le olaga e pei o le le maloloina meaʻai, inu maualuga kalori, leai ni gaioiga ma isi.
Nisi faʻamaʻi (pei ole Prader-Willi syndrome, Cushing syndrome ma isi)
Vailaau e pei o vailaʻau e teteʻe ai i le mafaufau, vailaau faʻafomaʻi, vailaʻau o le suka, vailaʻau antipsychotic ma isi.
Uo-liʻo ma aiga (pe a fai e te tagata tetele tagata, o le avanoa o le soona puputa o le a faʻateleina)
Tausaga
Maitaga
Ulaula
Microbiome (sela siama)
Le lava moe
Faʻafitauli
A-ou te tausami

Faʻafitauli o le gaʻo

Tagata taʻitoʻatasi o e puta tele ua atili ai ona maua i le tele o faʻafitauli o le soifua maloloina e matua ogaoga i natura.

O faʻalavelave tetele e aofia ai mea nei ^[9] ^[10] :

Ituaiga 2 suka
Maʻi fatu
Maʻi kanesa (ovary, susu, cervix, uterus, kolone, avanoa, ate, gallbladder, fatugaʻo, prostate ma isi)
Kolisi maualuga
Faamaʻi Gallbladder
Pa
Faʻafitauli tau feusuaʻiga ma feusuaiga
Faʻafitauli i le faʻasoesa

E ese mai i nei, o le lapoʻa mafai ono afaina ai se tasi tulaga lelei o le olaga. O le lotomafatia, vavaeʻesea o agafesootai, le atoatoa, maulalo galuega ausia, maasiasi ma isi o nisi o auala auala lapoʻa mafai ona aʻafia se tasi tulaga lelei o le olaga ^[10] .

Suʻesuʻega o le puta tele

O le a amata le fomaʻi i se suʻesuʻega o le tino ma fautuaina ia suʻega ina ia malamalama ai i le ogaoga o le tulaga ^{[sefulu ma le tasi]} .

Soifua Maloloina suʻega suʻega
Suʻega faʻaletino
Fuafuaina BMI
O le faataamilosaga o le sulugatiti e malamalama ai i le tufatufaina o gaʻo o le tino e aofia ai le paʻu o le paʻu, faʻatusatusa i le sulugatiti-i-suʻi
Tofotofoga toto
Suʻega faʻataʻitaʻiga e pei o le ultrasound, compute tomography (CT), ma le magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan

Togafitiga Mo puta tele

O le sini o le lapoʻa togafitiga o le mauaina o se maloloina maloloina ma tausisi i ai. O togafitiga ua faia e faʻaleleia atili ai lou soifua maloloina lautele ma faʻaititia ai le aʻafiaga o le atinaʻeina o faʻafitauli tau soifua maloloina.

Suiga o taumafataga: O le laʻasaga muamua ma le sili na faʻaaogaina e togafitia ai le lapoʻa o suiga o meaʻai. Faʻaitiitia kalori ma faʻataʻitaʻia le soifua maloloina maloloina. Ma amata i le tipiina i lalo kalori, 'ai tele vaega o meaʻai e itiiti ai kalori (pei o fualaʻau ma fualaʻau),' ai meaʻai i luga o laʻau, e pei o fualaʻau, fualaʻau ma karate-atoa karate. Faʻatapulaʻa lau taumafaina o meaʻai maualuga-gaʻo poʻo meaʻai lololo ^[12] .
Faʻamalositino: Faateleina au faʻamalositino o se laʻasaga taua i le gaʻoa o le tino. Tagata e iai le puta tele e manaʻomia le mauaina o le 150 minute i le vaiaso o faʻamalositino. E lelei ma aoga e filifili faʻamalositino e fesoasoani e susunu ai kalori. O nai suiga faigofie e pei o le alu i faasitepu nai lo le lifi, togalaʻau, savali saʻo nai lo le aveina o lau taʻavale e mafai ona fesoasoani e faʻamaligiina lena mamafa faaopoopo ^[13] .
Suiga amioga: E mafai ona fesoasoani polokalame e faʻasaʻo ai amioga e te faia ai suiga o le olaga ma faʻamalosiau ia te oe e faʻaalu lou pauna. Faʻailoaina foi o amioga, e mafai ona fesoasoani ia te oe i le malamalama lelei ia te oe ma au masaniga ma galue e tusa ai ma le pauna pauna. O le alu mo faufautua ma vaega lagolago e mafai ona aoga ^[14] .
Vailaau: E ese mai i faʻamalositino ma mausa o meaʻai, le faʻatonuina o le mamafa o le paʻu o vailaʻau o se auala aoga foi lea o togafitiga mo le puta tele. Atonu e fautuaina e lau fomaʻi fualaʻau paʻu-paʻu pe a fai e leai se aoga o isi meaʻai ma faamalositino. O vailaʻau o le a faʻatulagaina faʻavae i luga o lou soifua maloloina talaʻaga, faʻapea foi ma ono ono aʻafiaga.
Taotoga: O taotoga e masani ona faia naʻo le tulaga o le puta tele. Mo tulaga ogaoga, fomai filifili mo taotoga mamafa-leiloa, e taua foi o taotoga bariatric. O nei taotoga fesoasoani i le faʻatapulaʻaina o lau taumafaina tulaga (ma) pe mafai faʻaititia le faʻaumatia o meaai ma kalosi. Nisi o taotoga masani o le mamafa-leiloa taotoga aofia ai gastric aloese taotoga, fetuutuunai gastric fusi, biliopancreatic faʻasili ma duodenal ki ma gastric lima ^{[sefulu ma le lima]} ^[16] .

I Se Faaiuga Mulimuli ...

O le puta tele e mafai ona taofia. I le faʻaaogaina o suiga olaga ma filifiliga lelei o meaʻai, oe mafai ona e fesoasoani ia te oe lava mai le mauaina o na mamafa faaopoopo. Aua le faʻatamala (malamalama) faʻamalositino i aso uma a itiiti mai o le 20-30 minute, 'ai meaai paleni pei o fualaʻau ma fualaʻau ma' aloese mai le faʻaaluina o gaʻo maualuga meaʻai.

Faʻamatalaga saunia e Sharan Jayanth

Vaʻai Tusitusiga Faʻasino

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[lua]Tripathy, J. P., Thakur, J. S., Jeet, G., Chawla, S., Jain, S., & Prasad, R. (2016). Eseesega i taulaga i nuu i tua, taumafataga o le tino ma lapoʻa i Initia: o tatou molimauina ea le tutusa tele o Initia? Iʻuga mai le suʻesuʻega o faʻasologa STEPS. BMC Soifua Maloloina, 16 (1), 816.
[3]Filatova, O., Polovinkin, S., Baklanova, E., Plyasova, I., & Burtsev, Y. (2018). Faʻavae faʻavae foliga o fafine ma ituaiga eseese o lapoʻa. Tusi o Ukaraina o le Ecology, 8 (2), 371-379.
[4]Gilmartin, S., Maclean, J., & Edwards, J. (2019). Tino ituaiga mulimuli ane lapoʻa taotoga ma paʻu re-countouring: o le lona lua tulaga o auiliiliga. Tusi o Talaʻaga ma Taʻotoga Taʻitaʻi, 5 (1), 036-042.
[5]Allender, S., Owen, B., Kuhlberg, J., Lowe, J., Nagorcka-Smith, P., Whelan, J., & Bell, C. (2015). O se alalafaga faʻavae faiga ata o le lapoʻa mafua. PloS tasi, 10 (7), e0129683.
[6]Sahoo, K., Sahoo, B., Choudhury, A. K., Sofi, N. Y., Kumar, R., & Bhadoria, A. S. (2015). Tamaititi puta tele: mafuaʻaga ma iʻuga. Tusi faʻafomaʻi o faʻafomaʻi ma tausiga muamua a le aiga, 4 (2), 187.
[7]Delgado, I., Huet, L., Dexpert, S., Beau, C., Forestier, D., Ledaguenel, P., ... & Capuron, L. (2018). Faʻaletonu faʻailoga i le puta tele: Fesoasoani fesoʻotaʻi o le maualalo-togi pupuga ma metabolic soifua maloloina. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 91, 55-61.
[8]Blümel Méndez, J., Fica, J., Chedraui, P., Mezones Holguín, E., Zúñiga, M. C., Witis, S., ... & Ojeda, E. (2016). O le ola feololo i fafine feololo tausaga e fesoʻotaʻi ma faʻamaʻi o le menopausal ma le lapoʻa.
[9]Camilleri, M., Malhi, H., & Acosta, A. (2017). Gastrointestinal faʻafitauli o le lapoʻa. Gastroenterology, 152 (7), 1656-1670.
[10]Jakobsen, G. S., Småstuen, M. C., Sandbu, R., Nordstrand, N., Hofsø, D., Lindberg, M., ... & Hjelmesæth, J. (2018). Association o bariatric taotoga vs fomaʻi puta lapoʻa togafitiga ma umi-taimi faʻafitauli faʻafomaʻi ma obesity-fesoʻotaʻi comorbidities. Jama, 319 (3), 291-301.
[sefulu ma le tasi]Suvan, J. E., Finer, N., & DʻAiuto, F. (2018). Vaitaimi faʻafitauli ma le lapoʻa. Periodontology 2000, 78 (1), 98-128.
[12]Nimptsch, K., Konigorski, S., & Pischon, T. (2018). Suʻesuʻega o le lapoʻa ma le faʻaaogaina o mea lapopoʻa biomarkers i le saienisi ma vailaʻau falemaʻi. Metabolism.
[13]Garvey, W. T. (2018). Le Suʻesuʻega ma le Iloiloina o Tagata Maʻi ma le Ova. Manatu o loʻo iai nei ile Endocrine ma Metabolic Research.
[14]Liu, J., Lee, J., Hernandez, M. A. S., Mazitschek, R., & Ozcan, U. (2015). Togafitiga o le puta tele ma le celastrol. Sela, 161 (5), 999-1011.
[sefulu ma le lima]Kusminski, C. M., Bickel, P. E., & Scherer, P. E. (2016). Taulaʻiina adipose aano i le togafitiga o gaʻo-fesoʻotaʻi maʻi suka. Natura iloiloina Vailaʻau maua, 15 (9), 639.
[16]Olson, K. (2017). Amioga agaʻi i le togafitiga o le puta tele. Rhode Island Medical Journal, 100 (3), 21.